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Aiki

The concept of Aiki

Aiki is a complex concept, and three aspects of it are as follows:

1) Blending not clashing

Aiki typically describes an idea of oneness or blending in the midst of combat. In aikido it generally describes the more elevated notion of blending rather than clashing. „Blending“ is often described even within aikido as „awase“.[4] Many definitions for „aiki“ seem to be based around „awase“. Emphasis is upon joining with the rhythm and intent of the opponent in order to find the optimal position and timing with which to apply force. To blend with an attack, it is usually necessary to yield to incoming forces, so aiki is closely related to the principle of ju. Aiki is about engaging an attack, not retreating from one.[5]

2) Dominating the assailant

The aiki practitioner is able to dominate the assailant and ‘lead’ them and their attack into advantageous positions. Body movements (tai sabaki) used for this may be large or small and subtle. Subtle weight shifting and the application of pressure to the assailant enable one to lead an assailant, keep him static, or keep him unbalanced (kuzushi) in order to employ the one’s own technique. In the same manner, through deceptive movements, the aiki practitioner may negate a defence response from the assailant or create a defence response from the assailant that puts him even further into peril. There is a strong degree of intent, will or psychology[6] to this aspect of domination. Mind and body are coordinated.

3) Use of internal strength – Ki energy

Kiai and aiki use the same kanji (transposed) and can be thought of as the inner and the outer aspect of the same principle.[7] Kiai relates to the manifestation, emission or projection of ones own energy (internal strength), while Aiki relates to the merging of one’s energy with the energy emitted from an external source (blending). Thus kiai is union with our own, internal energy while aiki is union with an attacker’s energy. Kiai consists of all parts of the body being unified and directed to one intent. Aiki, ultimately has to do with a very good ability to manipulate kiai upon contact so that the practitioner blends his ki with the attacker’s ki instantaneously. This use of ki will involve the use of kokyu power, i.e. breathing is coordinated with movement.[8] Kokyu Ryoku is the natural power that can be produced when body and consciousness (mind) are unified.[9] The term „kokyu“ is can also be used to describe a situation in which two opponent’s are moving with appropriate timing.